{"id":9955,"date":"2022-09-15T11:27:57","date_gmt":"2022-09-15T09:27:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldsite\/?p=9955"},"modified":"2022-12-25T11:22:16","modified_gmt":"2022-12-25T09:22:16","slug":"kader-attia-berlin-biennales-curator","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldsite\/kader-attia-berlin-biennales-curator\/","title":{"rendered":"Kader Attia, Berlin Biennale&#8217;s Curator"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure id=\"attachment_9957\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-9957\" style=\"width: 1400px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-9957\" src=\"https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldsite\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/reflecting-memory-kader-attia-the-markaz-review.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1400\" height=\"359\" srcset=\"https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldsite\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/reflecting-memory-kader-attia-the-markaz-review.jpg 1400w, https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldsite\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/reflecting-memory-kader-attia-the-markaz-review-600x154.jpg 600w, https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldsite\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/reflecting-memory-kader-attia-the-markaz-review-300x77.jpg 300w, https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldsite\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/reflecting-memory-kader-attia-the-markaz-review-1024x263.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldsite\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/reflecting-memory-kader-attia-the-markaz-review-768x197.jpg 768w, https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldsite\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/reflecting-memory-kader-attia-the-markaz-review-1320x338.jpg 1320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1400px) 100vw, 1400px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-9957\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kader Attia in the video &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=g3xslz_-p30&amp;ab_channel=GALLERIACONTINUA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Reflecting Memory<\/a>,&#8221; directed by Matteo Frittelli (courtesy Matteo Frittelli).<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>The prolific French-Algerian multimedia artist Kader Attia, whose work focuses on colonial and post-colonial history, trauma, and the spaces of repair, had his biggest event in Berlin with the Berlin Biennale.<\/p>\n<h4>\u00a0<\/h4>\n<h4>Melissa Chemam<\/h4>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>In 2021, when he was chosen to be the curator of the <a href=\"https:\/\/12.berlinbiennale.de\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">12th Berlin Biennale for Contemporary Art<\/a> (June 11 to September 18, 2022), Kader Attia titled the edition \u201cStill Present!\u201d Early on, he expressed a desire to explore \u201chow colonialism and imperialism continue to operate in the present\u201d and to \u201cdecolonize the art world and museums.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThere is a sort of principle of invisibility in Berlin,\u201d Attia told me recently over Zoom, \u201clinked to the reunification of the two Germanies, with the violence of the capitalist hegemony, which has resulted in a forced disappearance of the East\u2019s identity, as well as the oblivion over Germany\u2019s colonial enterprise.\u201d\u00a0 \u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Attia wanted to invite German artists to the Biennale as much as artists from the diverse diaspora to be found in Berlin and beyond \u2014 the Vietnamese community, for instance, which he insisted was often forgotten. This community grew with the arrival of so-called \u201cboat people,\u201d refugees from the Vietnam war, Attia reminds us. But he also reached out to other exiles, from Asia, Latin America and of course the Arab world.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cI\u2019ve been living in the city for about a decade,\u201d he said. \u201cI live in a \u2018white\u2019 area of East Berlin, where the aesthetic of the DDR [the Democratic Republic of East Germany, as abbreviated in German] is still present. Here is the former headquarters of the STASI [the former East German State Security Service, or state police], as well as diverse communities from the former socialist bloc, from Asia to Africa.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Berlin has long been known for its vibrant Turkish community, as Germany and Turkey have built strong ties since World War I, which included opening routes for Turkish migration to Germany. But over the past ten years, with the Arab Spring and the war in Syria, Middle Eastern culture has become more represented across the city by Arabs than Turks. Some even speak of a special movement in Berlin of Arab artists in exile<i>\u00a0<\/i>(see \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.exberliner.com\/politics\/arabs-in-exile\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/www.exberliner.com\/politics\/arabs-in-exile\/&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1663142957436000&amp;usg=AOvVaw3aLUPXRgOCdSiDe4QNAFYP\">Arabs in Exile<\/a>: How Berlin became a new cultural hub\u201d).<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWhen I go shopping, my nostalgia for Arab products is easy to satisfy,\u201d Attia admits, \u201cas there are very strong Arab communities in the city. There are many Syrians around here; most of them arrived from 2011 and the start of the civil war in their homeland. There are also many Lebanese and Palestinians who have called the city home for decades.\u201d Attia, who is French and\u00a0\u00a0Algerian, welcomes them all. \u201cTo me, they all brought a diversity that was missing in the city,\u201d he said. \u201cBerlin became less closed up, and they contributed to decreasing the \u2018white\u2019 gentrification of East Berlin.\u201d\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"KADER ATTIA &#039;Reflecting Memory&#039;\" width=\"750\" height=\"422\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/g3xslz_-p30?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><b>From Paris and Algiers to Berlin, a decolonial journey<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Born in Dugny, Seine-Saint-Denis, France, to Algerian parents, raised in both Algeria and the suburbs of Paris, Attia chose to leave the latter for Berlin about ten years ago, when the city was hailed as central to the world of international contemporary arts. There, he was offered many opportunities to exhibit, explore new ideas, and make use of a larger space for his studio and team.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>His art education was very French, but also multicultural. He went to the \u00c9cole Sup\u00e9rieure des Arts Appliqu\u00e9s Duperr\u00e9 and the \u00c9cole Nationale Sup\u00e9rieure des Arts D\u00e9coratifs, in Paris. Before doing so, he spent several years in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and in various countries of South America. After his studies in Paris, he pursued further art education at Escola Massana, Centre d\u2019Art i Disseny, in Barcelona.<\/p>\n<p>Attia\u2019s research led him to deepen the notion of \u201crepair,\u201d a concept he has been \u201cdeveloping philosophically in his writings and symbolically in his oeuvre as a visual artist,\u201d as he puts it. To him, any system, social institution, or cultural tradition can be considered \u201can infinite process of repair,\u201d to get over loss and wounds, to generate recuperation and re-appropriation. Repair should connect the individual to gender, philosophy, science, and architecture, and also involves people in evolutionary processes with nature, culture, myth and history.<\/p>\n<p>His practice includes sculpture, film, works on paper, and installation, for which he was awarded the Marcel Duchamp Prize in France in 2016, followed by the Prize of the Mir\u00f3 Foundation (in Barcelona) and the Yanghyun Art Prize (in Seoul) in 2017. For two decades, he has been exploring themes of divinity and skepticism, loss and reclamation, beauty and atrocity.<\/p>\n<p>He has researched colonial trauma and its antidotes, and in conversation, he cites an impressive number of philosophers, historians, researchers and thinkers, from Taoist Chinese philosopher Lao Tzu (especially his teachings about meaning and void) to Joseph Beuys.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_9959\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-9959\" style=\"width: 1400px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mathaf.org.qa\/en\/calendar\/kader-attia-on-silence\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-9959 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldsite\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Kader-Attia-b.-1970.-On-Silence-2020.-Protheses-variable-dimensions.-Commissioned-by-Mathaf-Arab-Museum-of-Modern-Art-Doha-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1400\" height=\"788\" srcset=\"https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldsite\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Kader-Attia-b.-1970.-On-Silence-2020.-Protheses-variable-dimensions.-Commissioned-by-Mathaf-Arab-Museum-of-Modern-Art-Doha-1.jpg 1400w, https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldsite\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Kader-Attia-b.-1970.-On-Silence-2020.-Protheses-variable-dimensions.-Commissioned-by-Mathaf-Arab-Museum-of-Modern-Art-Doha-1-600x338.jpg 600w, https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldsite\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Kader-Attia-b.-1970.-On-Silence-2020.-Protheses-variable-dimensions.-Commissioned-by-Mathaf-Arab-Museum-of-Modern-Art-Doha-1-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldsite\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Kader-Attia-b.-1970.-On-Silence-2020.-Protheses-variable-dimensions.-Commissioned-by-Mathaf-Arab-Museum-of-Modern-Art-Doha-1-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldsite\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Kader-Attia-b.-1970.-On-Silence-2020.-Protheses-variable-dimensions.-Commissioned-by-Mathaf-Arab-Museum-of-Modern-Art-Doha-1-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldsite\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Kader-Attia-b.-1970.-On-Silence-2020.-Protheses-variable-dimensions.-Commissioned-by-Mathaf-Arab-Museum-of-Modern-Art-Doha-1-1320x743.jpg 1320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1400px) 100vw, 1400px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-9959\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kader Attia (b. 1970). On Silence, 2020. Protheses, variable dimensions. Commissioned by Mathaf- Arab Museum of Modern Art, Doha<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>A recent solo exhibition of his was \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/mathaf.org.qa\/en\/calendar\/kader-attia-on-silence\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">On Silence<\/a>\u201d at the Mathaf Arab Museum of Modern Art in Doha, Qatar, which was centered around his installation \u201cGhost,\u201d from 2007, featuring rows of representations of Muslim women praying, rendered through shrouds of aluminum foil. Attia modeled the figures after his mother, keeping each one hollow, allowing for an eerie void.<\/p>\n<p>His piece, \u201cUntitled (Gharda\u00efa),\u201d from 2009, shown at the Tate Modern among other venues, displays a replica of the eponymous ancient Algerian city, made entirely of couscous grains. The work is a reference to ancient African architecture and artifacts and how they often inspired Western architects, who failed to give them credit. Attia wanted to direct the viewer toward a reflection on the complex exchange between the North African aesthetic heritage and the region\u2019s colonizers.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u201cOpen Your Eyes\u201d (2010), a double-sided projection of archival images culled from mainly Western museums, exhibited at the MoMA in NYC in 2012, introduced a juxtaposition of repaired artifacts with photographs of brutally wounded soldiers, while his work \u201cPhantom Limbs\u201d and the film titled \u201cReflecting Memory\u201d addressed more directly the violence of war and colonial wounds. A lost limb, according to Attia, is \u201ca political reminder, a way for the authority to perform its power.\u201d\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u201cAuthoritarian neoliberal regimes create war victims, amputees who cannot afford prosthetics, while their physical and emotional trauma imposes fear on others,\u201d he once said. \u201cThe loss in this case is caused by chaos and negligence. The cacophony produced by media shadows the real problem today in places like Palestine or Yemen.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>In 2016, he opened a Parisian multipurpose cultural center,\u00a0La Colonie\u00a0(stricken through on purpose) in order to take these reflections out of museum venues and bring them closer to the general public; artists, writers and historians were invited to hold free discussions, which were almost always well attended. Unfortunately,\u00a0La Colonie\u00a0was forced to close during the first wave of the pandemic. Yet Attia remained hungry for further discussions and confrontations \u2014 and Berlin proved a promising city to pursue them.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><b>The centrality of Berlin<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Attia has plans to reopen La Colonie in a permanent space in 2023, but meanwhile the events continue online. The Berlin Biennale\u2019s program was conceived so that thinkers could contemplate ways of \u201cde-colonizing,\u201d \u201cwith a space of mediation\u201d on topics within and outside of the art world.<\/p>\n<p>Attia feels that, in his role as curator of the Berlin Biennale, he has a citywide platform to break down his decade-long discussions around repair and decolonization. Since the fall of the wall, Berlin\u2019s reputation as an international art city has grown alongside its status as \u201cparty capital\u201d of the world. However, Attia feels that the question of Germany\u2019s colonial history was often overshadowed by the historically closer traumas of the Holocaust and the Cold War.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cMany citizens in the East perceived reunification as a form of neoliberal colonization,\u201d Attia said at a Biennale press conference. \u201cThis is a part of history that has hardly been dealt with so far, but it comes up in several works in the exhibition.\u201d\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Some of the venues chosen for the Berlin Biennale, like Wilhelmstra\u00dfe 92, the location of the Berlin Conference on West Africa of 1884\/85, make links between the city\u2019s history and German colonialism. Among\u00a0the invited artists are\u00a0Turkish feminist Nil Yalter; Jordanian photographer Lawrence Abu Hamdan; video artist Susan Schuppli; Imani Jacqueline Brown; Congolese artist Sammy Baloji, Iraqi artists Sajjad Abbas, Raed Mutar and Layth Kareem; and French photographer Mathieu Pernot. The Biennale also displays pioneering data and video research of the Forensic Architecture collective and a Russian airstrike in Kyiv.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThe conversations on decolonial practices are very different in Germany, Belgium, England and France,\u201d Attia says. \u201cIn France, decolonial ideas are still considered as exogenous, as imported from the English-speaking world, especially the United States, or they are seen as linked to each specific colonial history, like in the case of Algeria. Both these ideas have truth in them, but no former colonial state has been exempted from post-colonial reflections.\u201d\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Germany was for much time more focused on Holocaust-related issues, Attia added, and post-communist capitalist neocolonialism, but has now also become an interesting place to take on the global conversation on the relations between the Global South and the North.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIt\u2019s become bigger than a worldwide landslide now,\u201d Attia insisted. \u201cColonial, post-colonial, neocolonial and anticolonial debates have reached the level of a universal conversation, all over the globe, especially in settlement colonies, like the United States and Latin America, but also in Europe and Asia. Colonialism is seen as what it was: a part of the modern capitalistic project. Now, an evolution is possible thanks to the global conversation we have all over the world, to decolonize universally repressive systems.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>And to Attia, Berlin is an interesting place for such conversations, like Tokyo and Thailand. It is not a mainstream Anglophone\/American center, nor in the hands of an intelligentsia denying post-colonial reflections, as it is in France.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_9960\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-9960\" style=\"width: 1200px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/12.berlinbiennale.de\/artists\/sajjad-abbas\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-9960\" src=\"https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldsite\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Sajjad-Abbas-I-CAN-SEE-YOU-2013-video-color-sound-5\u203203\u2032\u2032-bw-image-in-public-space-video-still-\u00a9-Sajjad-Abbas.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1200\" height=\"795\" srcset=\"https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldsite\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Sajjad-Abbas-I-CAN-SEE-YOU-2013-video-color-sound-5\u203203\u2032\u2032-bw-image-in-public-space-video-still-\u00a9-Sajjad-Abbas.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldsite\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Sajjad-Abbas-I-CAN-SEE-YOU-2013-video-color-sound-5\u203203\u2032\u2032-bw-image-in-public-space-video-still-\u00a9-Sajjad-Abbas-600x398.jpg 600w, https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldsite\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Sajjad-Abbas-I-CAN-SEE-YOU-2013-video-color-sound-5\u203203\u2032\u2032-bw-image-in-public-space-video-still-\u00a9-Sajjad-Abbas-300x199.jpg 300w, https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldsite\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Sajjad-Abbas-I-CAN-SEE-YOU-2013-video-color-sound-5\u203203\u2032\u2032-bw-image-in-public-space-video-still-\u00a9-Sajjad-Abbas-1024x678.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldsite\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Sajjad-Abbas-I-CAN-SEE-YOU-2013-video-color-sound-5\u203203\u2032\u2032-bw-image-in-public-space-video-still-\u00a9-Sajjad-Abbas-768x509.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-9960\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sajjad Abbas, &#8220;I Can See You,&#8221; 2013, video, color, sound, 5\u203203\u2032\u2032, video still (courtesy Sajjad Abbas).<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Yet the journey wasn\u2019t easy, even in Berlin.<\/p>\n<p>In mid-August, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/story.php?story_fbid=594481522145752&amp;id=105646074362635&amp;m_entstream_source=permalink\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sajjad Abbas, Raed Mutar and Layth Kareem<\/a> pulled out from the Biennale, saying that curators chose \u201cthe display of wrongly imprisoned Iraqis,\u201d referring to photographs by the French artist Jean-Jacques Lebel that showed tortured inmates at Abu Ghraib prison in their homeland. Which the Iraqi artists find disrespectful.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Attia and the artistic team of the 12th Berlin Biennale published <a href=\"https:\/\/www.artforum.com\/news\/berlin-biennale-responds-as-artists-pull-work-over-images-of-abu-ghraib-torture-88900\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a statement in response<\/a>, saying: \u201cWe do not deny our accountability. We humbly ask you to please grant us your attention for our response to the crucial questions of showing wounds and repair, to make sure our curatorial intentions and the aspirations of our exhibition are not misrepresented.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>These issues were bound to open some more wounds, yet to Attia, the idea is similar to the principle found in the work of German artist, teacher and art theorist Joseph Beuys, who created the piece \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.tate.org.uk\/art\/artworks\/beuys-show-your-wound-t07976\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Show Your Wound<\/a>\u201d (1977). Beuys believed that art had to disturb. \u201cShow it!\u201d he insisted. \u201cShow the wound that we have inflicted upon ourselves during the course of our development; the only way to progress and become aware of it is to show it.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Not everybody agrees on the correct way to do so, but Berlin seems to be the right place to have this conversation in 2022, and despite the criticism, Attia intends to carry on showing the wounds.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Melissa Chemam profiles contemporary Algerian-French artist Kader Attia as he discusses his role with the Berlin Biennale.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":9956,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4,73],"tags":[205,331,497,975,1389,1638,1712,1740],"coauthors":[2043],"class_list":["post-9955","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-art-photography","category-tmr-24-berlin","tag-arab-artists-in-exile","tag-berlin-biennale","tag-decolonization","tag-kader-attia","tag-post-colonial-history","tag-syria","tag-trauma","tag-turkish-migraiton","entry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v25.8 (Yoast SEO v27.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Kader Attia, Berlin Biennale&#039;s Curator - The Markaz Review<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Melissa Chemam profiles contemporary 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