{"id":6492,"date":"2022-01-10T00:01:48","date_gmt":"2022-01-09T22:01:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldsite\/?p=6492"},"modified":"2022-12-17T11:04:36","modified_gmt":"2022-12-17T09:04:36","slug":"gaza-melancholic","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldsite\/gaza-melancholic\/","title":{"rendered":"Gaza Melancholic"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"\"
“Rituals Under Occupation,” courtesy Palestinian artist Sliman Mansour.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n


\nUnsilencing Gaza: Reflections on Resistance<\/em> by Sara Roy
\nPluto Books<\/a> (2021)
\nISBN 9780745341378<\/p>\n

\n

Gilbert Achcar<\/p>\n<\/h4>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Unsilencing Gaza<\/em> is available from Pluto Books<\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

No Western scholar is more associated with Gaza than Sara Roy<\/a>. The Senior Research Scholar at\u00a0Harvard University\u2019s Center for Middle Eastern Studies has been working on the Gaza Strip for over 35 years: her first research trip there occurred in 1985. \u201cAt the time I could not have imagined that Gaza (and Palestine) would be as diminished and compromised as it is now,\u201d she outrightly states at the very beginning of her most recent book<\/a>.<\/p>\n

And yet, Roy\u2019s initial book on Gaza, The Gaza Strip: The Political Economy of De-development<\/em><\/a>, first published in 1995 and twice reedited since then, was anything but optimistic. It established her reputation not only as a specialist of Gaza, but also as a political economist of development, or more precisely \u201cde-development\u201d \u2014 a concept that she first formulated in a 1987 article<\/a>, defining it as \u201ca process which undermines or weakens the ability of an economy to grow and expand by preventing it from accessing and utilizing critical inputs needed to promote internal growth beyond a specific structural level.\u201d<\/p>\n

Sara Roy\u2019s special relation with Gaza and Gaza-related issues never ended. She published two further books centered on the Strip. Failing Peace<\/em><\/a>: Gaza and the Palestinian-Israeli Conflict<\/em>, a collection of articles published in 2007, included \u2014 along with further elaborations on Gaza\u2019s political economy \u2014 political assessments of the Gazan polity, particularly Hamas, as well as of the overall Palestinian-Israeli conflict and failed \u201cpeace process\u201d (one piece in the collection is entitled \u201cAn Oslo Autopsy\u201d).<\/p>\n

Hamas and Civil Society in Gaza<\/em><\/a>: Engaging the Islamist Social Sector<\/em>, Roy\u2019s second major monograph, came out in 2011. It is the most thorough study of the Palestinian variant of what the author called \u201cIslamist Social Institutions\u201d \u2014 an assessment of the successes and failures of the social network of charities, and health and care services that Hamas has established in the Strip and that has been a major factor in acquiring and maintaining its political constituency.<\/p>\n

\n
The New Politics of Exclusion: Gaza As Prologue (Ekeland & Roy)<\/a>
\nGaza Mythologies (Pappe)<\/a><\/h5>\n
\n

That second monograph included an epilogue on \u201cthe devastation of Gaza\u201d: the consequences of the devastating onslaught that Israel launched on the Strip at the very end of 2008. This first 2009 war against Gaza, dominated by Hamas since 2007, was followed by two further massive offensives in 2012 and 2014. These war episodes punctuate Sara Roy\u2019s latest book: she has commented extensively on the successive rounds of Israel\u2019s pounding of the overcrowded Strip and her main relevant writings are gathered here, along with interventions in the debate on US policy towards the Israel-Palestine conflict and a statement on Gaza that she delivered before the United Nations Security Council in July 2015 at a meeting of the Israel-Palestine Non-Governmental Organization Working Group (the statement has been previously published as an afterword to the third edition of Roy\u2019s first book).<\/p>\n

\n

Gaza, like Palestine, exists in parentheses. It is where misery is seen but remains unexamined and, most crucially, unfamiliar. Redemption is therefore not possible for Gaza and compassion cannot be elicited, freeing us of any uncertainty or shame. Yet, what does it mean when resolution is found in the despair and torment of another people? \u2014Sara Roy<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

These pleas to stop the cycle of violence and bring an end to Gaza\u2019s constantly stoked humanitarian tragedy are supplemented with occasional writings on various Palestine-related issues, all written between 2007 \u2014 the year when Sara Roy\u2019s earlier collection was published \u2014 and 2019. In addition to these collected articles, Unsilencing Gaza<\/em> includes three new pieces: a brief reflection on how the handling of the Covid-19 pandemic provided a crude illustration of Israel\u2019s treatment of the Gazans, which Roy describes as appalling; a revisiting of the voluminous field notes that she had taken during her doctoral fieldwork stay in the Strip in 1988-89; and a text surveying the most recent developments in Gaza on the socioeconomic level as well as with regard to the role of Hamas, originally written to bring up to date a book of Roy\u2019s work to be published in Japan.<\/p>\n

Failing Peace<\/em> included a first section reflecting on how being a child of Holocaust survivors affected Sara Roy\u2019s view of the Palestinian-Israeli conflict. Unsilencing Gaza<\/em> likewise includes a section entitled \u201cA Jew in Gaza,\u201d in which Roy represents again the direct connection between her familial background and her commitment to the cause of justice for the Palestinians. A very powerful text in that regard is the author\u2019s open letter to the members of the German government about a motion passed by the Bundestag in 2019 that equated the Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions (BDS) campaign with antisemitism. Roy explains remarkably well and concisely what many would believe to be a non sequitur, namely the inference of sympathy with the Palestinian victims of Israel from the contemplation of the Nazi genocide of the European Jews to which Israel claims to be the historical response.<\/p>\n

\u201cIf your history has imposed a burden and an obligation upon you, it is to defend justice not Israel,\u201d says Sara Roy to the Germans. \u201cYour obligation does not lie in making Israel or the Jewish people special or selectively excusing injustice because Jews happen to be committing it; it lies in holding Israel and Jews to the same ethical and moral standards that you would demand of any people, including yourselves. \u2026 Your sense of guilt, if that is the correct word, should not derive from criticizing Israel. It should reside in remaining silent in the face of injustice as so many of your forebears did before, during and after the Holocaust.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u201cA Jew in Gaza\u201d could have also been the title of the book\u2019s epilogue, in which Roy reproduces the prologue to her book on Hamas, which relates the story of her visit to an Islamic kindergarten in Gaza in 1999. She was asked by one of the directors if she was a Christian. A discussion ensued after she replied that she is Jewish, provoking surprise bordering on disbelief among those present. The tension got eventually dissipated when the only woman director, after asking Sara Roy if she was a mother and learning that she was, emphasized the sameness of the human condition: \u201cWe are no different than you.\u201d<\/p>\n

Roy was obviously deeply moved by this experience, she who could make hers the Latin poet\u2019s maxim: \u201cnothing human is alien to me.\u201d A profound sense of human empathy<\/em> emerges from her writings. It intertwines with intense melancholy<\/em> in this new collection. The former determines the latter: even though Roy is always keen on letting a ray of hope shine through her reflections, the reader cannot fail to notice a sense of pessimism gradually permeating her vision and bordering on despair as time goes by, in the face of the constant degradation in Gaza\u2019s condition under repeated attacks from Israel. She concludes her new book\u2019s introduction with a plea \u201cto humanize a part of the world few of us will ever know and to aspire to a \u2018shareable world\u2019 (Toni Morrison), that is slipping beyond our reach.\u201d<\/p>\n

The contrast between this plea and Sara Roy\u2019s acknowledgement that what she so strongly wished for is \u201cslipping beyond our reach\u201d is striking. There is indeed a huge difference between the Gaza of the first Intifada \u2014 to this day the most inspiring episode in the long history of Palestinian struggle \u2014 which she knew well, since she sojourned there in 1988-89, and present-day Gaza. Then, everything seemed possible: the amazing popular uprising in the West Bank and Gaza attracted global sympathy and sharpened division among the Israeli Jewish population, of which increasing numbers were becoming opposed to the continuation of the occupation that had started in 1967, more than twenty years earlier.<\/p>\n

\n

Over 80 percent of Gaza\u2019s total population now requires humanitarian assistance despite the fact that they are desperate to work. Because of the Israeli blockade, approximately 1.6 million men, women and children have been forced into dependency on food and cash handouts. Acquiring enough food on a daily basis is what presently consumes most families. Some people are now seeking food in rubbish piles and homelessness is a growing problem because people cannot afford to pay their rent. \u2014Sara Roy<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

\nNow, the situation is bleak and all but hopeless. Popular struggle has been superseded by exchanges of fire and rockets. Both are asymmetric battles, of course, since Israel\u2019s military supremacy is overwhelming. But one asymmetry \u2014 that which has been on display over recent years \u2014 is primarily quantitative, whereas the previous asymmetry was qualitative and hence more advantageous to the Palestinians. They could then counter the physical superiority of Israel\u2019s weaponry with the moral superiority of the non-violent fight of the oppressed over the oppressors\u2019 brutal repression. Revisiting her old fieldwork notes actually provides Sara Roy with a good opportunity to emphasize the merits of the first Intifada. The reader can thus better measure the degradation that occurred since then.<\/p>\n

Melancholy peaks in Roy\u2019s choice of excerpts from a prose poem by Mahmoud Darwish (in Sinan Antoon\u2019s translation) to conclude her collection \u2014 a poem whose title \u201cSilence for Gaza\u201d is a counterpoint to the book\u2019s title. It ends with a depiction of the obstinacy of hopeless struggle when that condition has become the only alternative to surrender: \u201cIt is neither death, nor suicide. It is Gaza\u2019s way of declaring that it deserves to live.\u201d<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Author and SOAS professor Gilbert Achcar reviews the latest book from Gaza scholar Sara Roy.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":166,"featured_media":6518,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[6,51],"tags":[],"coauthors":[1958],"class_list":["post-6492","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-book-review","category-tmr-weekly","entry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nGaza Melancholic - The Markaz Review<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldsite\/gaza-melancholic\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Gaza Melancholic\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Author and SOAS professor Gilbert Achcar reviews the latest book from Gaza scholar Sara Roy.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldsite\/gaza-melancholic\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"The Markaz Review\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2022-01-09T22:01:48+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2022-12-17T09:04:36+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldsite\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/1989-7-Rituals-under-occupation.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1080\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"904\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Gilbert Achcar\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Gilbert Achcar\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"8 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/themarkaz.org\\\/oldsite\\\/gaza-melancholic\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/themarkaz.org\\\/oldsite\\\/gaza-melancholic\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Basil Al-Adraa\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/themarkaz.org\\\/oldsite\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/a20e9a9be900215112d9e22f7e1d64da\"},\"headline\":\"Gaza Melancholic\",\"datePublished\":\"2022-01-09T22:01:48+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2022-12-17T09:04:36+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/themarkaz.org\\\/oldsite\\\/gaza-melancholic\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":1610,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/themarkaz.org\\\/oldsite\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/themarkaz.org\\\/oldsite\\\/gaza-melancholic\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/themarkaz.org\\\/oldsite\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/01\\\/1989-7-Rituals-under-occupation.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Book Reviews\",\"TMR Weekly\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/themarkaz.org\\\/oldsite\\\/gaza-melancholic\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/themarkaz.org\\\/oldsite\\\/gaza-melancholic\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/themarkaz.org\\\/oldsite\\\/gaza-melancholic\\\/\",\"name\":\"Gaza Melancholic - 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