{"id":6790,"date":"2022-01-24T09:21:47","date_gmt":"2022-01-24T07:21:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/?p=6790"},"modified":"2022-12-17T11:04:16","modified_gmt":"2022-12-17T09:04:16","slug":"rachid-taha-and-the-sway-of-chaabi-rai-on-franco-arab-rock","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/rachid-taha-and-the-sway-of-chaabi-rai-on-franco-arab-rock\/","title":{"rendered":"Rachid Taha and the Sway of Chaabi &#038; Ra\u00ef on Franco-Arab Rock"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure id=\"attachment_6799\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6799\" style=\"width: 1280px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-6799\" src=\"https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/douce-france-exhibit-musee-arts-et-metiers.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\" srcset=\"https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/douce-france-exhibit-musee-arts-et-metiers.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/douce-france-exhibit-musee-arts-et-metiers-600x338.jpg 600w, https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/douce-france-exhibit-musee-arts-et-metiers-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/douce-france-exhibit-musee-arts-et-metiers-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/douce-france-exhibit-musee-arts-et-metiers-768x432.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-6799\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Image from the &#8220;Douce France&#8221; installation: in the &#8217;70s in France, orientalist cliche\u0301s gave way to social demands from the country&#8217;s North African population (photo courtesy Mus\u00e9e des Arts et M\u00e9tiers).<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h4>\u00a0<\/h4>\n<h4>Melissa Chemam<\/h4>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>As I discussed in my past two columns, traditional Arab music has never stopped influencing modern and pop music, deeply impacting new musical movements in the diaspora, including disco, electronic music, rock and other genres. A country that has especially benefitted from these influences, through migration and cultural exchange, is of course France.<\/p>\n<p>In view of the current pandemic restrictions, my usual habit of traveling across seas and continents has been heavily disrupted, so instead of spending New Year\u2019s Eve in Cairo or Tunis, as in previous years, this year I only traveled back home, to Paris and Marseille. But, uncannily, this trip offered an occasion to immerse myself in musical musing thanks to a unique exhibition: \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.arts-et-metiers.net\/musee\/douce-france-des-musiques-de-lexil-aux-cultures-urbaines\">Douce France: Des musiques de l\u2019exil aux cultures urbaines<\/a>,\u201d which opened mid-December in Paris at the Mus\u00e9e des Arts et M\u00e9tiers.<\/p>\n<p>The title refers to an old French song, \u201cDouce France,\u201d written and popularized by Charles Trenet in 1943, and inspired by the country\u2019s oldest poem, an ode to the coming of its modern form as a state. But &#8220;Douce France&#8221; also refers to a more recent and revolutionary version in an Arab rock interpretation, created by Rachid Taha and his first band, Carte de S\u00e9jour, released in 1986.<\/p>\n<div class=\"ose-youtube ose-uid-048deba5a1363f37f10a0f73ed648f65 ose-embedpress-responsive\" style=\"width:600px; height:550px; max-height:550px; max-width:100%; display:inline-block;\" data-embed-type=\"Youtube\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" allowFullScreen=\"true\" title=\"Carte de S\u00e9jour - Douce France (1987)\" width=\"600\" height=\"550\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/Z8wrvbs9l8Q?feature=oembed&color=red&rel=0&controls=1&start=&end=&fs=0&iv_load_policy=0&autoplay=0&mute=0&modestbranding=0&cc_load_policy=1&playsinline=1\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; encrypted-media;accelerometer;autoplay;clipboard-write;gyroscope;picture-in-picture clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n<p>The exhibition centers around the personality and achievement of Rachid Taha, who was born in 1958 in Algeria, and died in 2018. Taha is well-known for pioneering a form of Arab rock starting in the 1980s in France; he later achieved international fame, collaborating with new artists abroad, including Rolling Stones producer Don Was, Femi Kuti and Mick Jones from The Clash. He was also a committed activist who, throughout his career, called for tolerance and decried the rise of anti-Arab and anti-Muslim xenophobia in France and Europe. To quote the museum, the exhibit &#8220;revisits the artistic emergence of the so-called &#8216;beur&#8217; generation, a symbol of the mixed and joyful integration of a youth of immigrant origin.&#8221; It also looks at the emergence of &#8220;beur&#8221;-driven social movements that characterized 1970s France.<\/p>\n<p>Rachid Taha arrived in France from Algeria with his parents in 1968. He spent a number of years in an impoverished working-class immigrant community in the east in Alsace, and then in the Vosges, before moving to greater Lyon, where he began to establish his reputation. Taha&#8217;s musical influences, however, informed his tastes even before emigrating, for as a child he had learned Arabic before being forced to switch to French, and early on was fascinated by the iconic Egyptian singer Oum Kalthoum. In Algeria, he had already been fond of local music, especially ra\u00ef and <em>chaabi<\/em>, the traditional street music of Algiers, formalized by El Hadj M\u2019Hamed El Anka, and more generally by 1960s performers from across the Maghreb.<\/p>\n<div class=\"ose-youtube ose-uid-3c6f33f5cdb1b8d17026a57a43cb5a77 ose-embedpress-responsive\" style=\"width:600px; height:550px; max-height:550px; max-width:100%; display:inline-block;\" data-embed-type=\"Youtube\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" allowFullScreen=\"true\" title=\"El Anka Hadj M&#039;Hamed El Anka &quot;Lehmam&quot;\" width=\"600\" height=\"550\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/6sTrSH0GC9g?feature=oembed&color=red&rel=0&controls=1&start=&end=&fs=0&iv_load_policy=0&autoplay=0&mute=0&modestbranding=0&cc_load_policy=1&playsinline=1\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; encrypted-media;accelerometer;autoplay;clipboard-write;gyroscope;picture-in-picture clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n<p>The \u201cDouce France\u201d exhibit opens with this music, first with the sound of Dahmane El Harrachi. Born Abderrahmane Amraoui in Algiers, he moved to Paris in 1949, worked as a factory employee and continued performing and recording. He later popularized chaabi music there in the 1960s.<\/p>\n<div class=\"ose-youtube ose-uid-e21fe4abca09ad899bcd05ed37534119 ose-embedpress-responsive\" style=\"width:600px; height:550px; max-height:550px; max-width:100%; display:inline-block;\" data-embed-type=\"Youtube\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" allowFullScreen=\"true\" title=\"Dahmane El Harrachi - Ya Rayah \/ \u062f\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0634\u064a - \u0627\u063a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0627 \u0631\u0627\u064a\u062d \u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0631\" width=\"600\" height=\"550\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/kvkRVx16FAI?feature=oembed&color=red&rel=0&controls=1&start=&end=&fs=0&iv_load_policy=0&autoplay=0&mute=0&modestbranding=0&cc_load_policy=1&playsinline=1\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; encrypted-media;accelerometer;autoplay;clipboard-write;gyroscope;picture-in-picture clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n<div class=\"ose-youtube ose-uid-e21fe4abca09ad899bcd05ed37534119 ose-embedpress-responsive\" style=\"width:600px; height:550px; max-height:550px; max-width:100%; display:inline-block;\" data-embed-type=\"Youtube\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" allowFullScreen=\"true\" title=\"Dahmane El Harrachi - Ya Rayah \/ \u062f\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0634\u064a - \u0627\u063a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0627 \u0631\u0627\u064a\u062d \u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0631\" width=\"600\" height=\"550\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/kvkRVx16FAI?feature=oembed&color=red&rel=0&controls=1&start=&end=&fs=0&iv_load_policy=0&autoplay=0&mute=0&modestbranding=0&cc_load_policy=1&playsinline=1\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; encrypted-media;accelerometer;autoplay;clipboard-write;gyroscope;picture-in-picture clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n<p>The exhibition mixes photographs with sound installations, and also recreates the environments in which these musicians evolved, with for instance a copy of the tables and chairs of Caf\u00e9 Scopitone, in the Parisian neighborhood of Barb\u00e8s, where most of the Arab immigrants used to gather and play music, like the singer Salah Sadaoui. It also mentions the unforgettable songs of Kabyle singers Lounis A\u00eft Menguellet and Idir.<\/p>\n<div class=\"ose-youtube ose-uid-43bd907fd432a5e1dcbe4592186e229e ose-embedpress-responsive\" style=\"width:600px; height:550px; max-height:550px; max-width:100%; display:inline-block;\" data-embed-type=\"Youtube\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" allowFullScreen=\"true\" title=\"Idir - A vava inouva\" width=\"600\" height=\"550\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/8qcSdqc7QYo?feature=oembed&color=red&rel=0&controls=1&start=&end=&fs=0&iv_load_policy=0&autoplay=0&mute=0&modestbranding=0&cc_load_policy=1&playsinline=1\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; encrypted-media;accelerometer;autoplay;clipboard-write;gyroscope;picture-in-picture clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n<p>Many women contributed to this exilic music scene, hoping to record their songs with such Parisian record labels as Path\u00e9 Marconi. The dancer Sheherazad and singer Noura are for instance shown in gorgeous black and white photographs, performing regularly in Cabaret El Djazair, rue de la Huchette, in the Latin Quarter.<\/p>\n<p>Covering subsequent decades, the exhibition recreates the suburban environment where Algerian immigrants grew up, near Paris, Lyon or Marseille, brewing new sounds of their own by mixing their parents\u2019 favorite artists from Algeria and Egypt with the various sounds en vogue in Paris at the time \u2014 electronic music, early hip-hop and of course punk and rock.<\/p>\n<p>Punk and rock were the genres that inspired Rachid Taha in his late teens, along with many other young French men and women of his generation. Taha became the first French Algerian to dare to release records of Arab rock music, with Carte the S\u00e9jour in the 1980s, then solo.<\/p>\n<div class=\"ose-youtube ose-uid-299432194760ac1d28b2ba2aebb583a9 ose-embedpress-responsive\" style=\"width:600px; height:550px; max-height:550px; max-width:100%; display:inline-block;\" data-embed-type=\"Youtube\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" allowFullScreen=\"true\" title=\"Rhorhomanie\" width=\"600\" height=\"550\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/Jegf1H8UroA?feature=oembed&color=red&rel=0&controls=1&start=&end=&fs=0&iv_load_policy=0&autoplay=0&mute=0&modestbranding=0&cc_load_policy=1&playsinline=1\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; encrypted-media;accelerometer;autoplay;clipboard-write;gyroscope;picture-in-picture clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n<p>Two of his all-time hits were covers of Dahmane El Harrachi\u2019s \u201cYa Rayah\u201d and The Clash\u2019s \u201cRock The Casbah,\u201d which he later performed live with members of the iconic British Punk Band.<\/p>\n<div class=\"ose-youtube ose-uid-04d3256457d6ccbb3a615cdcb1322bee ose-embedpress-responsive\" style=\"width:600px; height:550px; max-height:550px; max-width:100%; display:inline-block;\" data-embed-type=\"Youtube\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" allowFullScreen=\"true\" title=\"Rachid Taha - Ya Rayah\" width=\"600\" height=\"550\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/vBu2OXGWBFI?feature=oembed&color=red&rel=0&controls=1&start=&end=&fs=0&iv_load_policy=0&autoplay=0&mute=0&modestbranding=0&cc_load_policy=1&playsinline=1\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; encrypted-media;accelerometer;autoplay;clipboard-write;gyroscope;picture-in-picture clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"ose-youtube ose-uid-2de1ba76adbabb6ef276300896306b1e ose-embedpress-responsive\" style=\"width:600px; height:550px; max-height:550px; max-width:100%; display:inline-block;\" data-embed-type=\"Youtube\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" allowFullScreen=\"true\" title=\"Rock El Casbah\" width=\"600\" height=\"550\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/-F2sGhQ1CDk?feature=oembed&color=red&rel=0&controls=1&start=&end=&fs=0&iv_load_policy=0&autoplay=0&mute=0&modestbranding=0&cc_load_policy=1&playsinline=1\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; encrypted-media;accelerometer;autoplay;clipboard-write;gyroscope;picture-in-picture clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n<p>The rest of the exhibition gathers television clips from the late 1980s and 1990s, where the artist can be scene addressing his status of outsider and outspoken voice for immigrants.<\/p>\n<p>I visited the exhibition with my mother, who grew up in Algiers in the post-independence war era, in the 1960s and 1970s, and knew all the artists referenced by the curator, Na\u00efma Yahi, a historian and researcher based at URMIS \u2013 Universit\u00e9 C\u00f4te d&#8217;Azur. My mother was especially fond of <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/idir-how-a-song-from-the-village-took-algerian-music-to-the-world-141418\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Idir, an icon of Amazigh music<\/a>, who sadly passed away in 2020, and still plans to see A\u00eft Menguellet perform as soon as the Covid restrictions will permit.<\/p>\n<p>Reporting on music between France, England and Africa, I also had the pleasure to see Taha perform live quite a few times, between 2009 and 2017, in Paris, and to interview him once. He embodied a mixture of anger and joy, rebellious by nature but also deeply endearing and loving. He truly believed in multiculturalism, and gave many young French immigrants \u2014 whose parents felt that Arabs would never be accepted in France \u2014 a reason to hope that cultural entente was possible.<\/p>\n<p>The exhibition is on until May 8, 2022, in Paris\u2019 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.arts-et-metiers.net\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Mus\u00e9e des Arts et M\u00e9tiers<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>(For French speakers, check out the exceptional radio episode of 03\/27\/021, produced by Rebecca Manzoni for France Inter, on Rachid Taha\u2019s journey: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.franceinter.fr\/emissions\/pop-n-co\/pop-n-co-27-mars-2021\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Rachid Taha, &#8220;Fran\u00e7ais tous les jours, Alg\u00e9rien pour toujours.&#8221;<\/a>)<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>This month, TMR&#8217;s music critic, Melissa Chemam, stumbles upon an unexpected exhibit of the history and influence of ra\u00ef, chaabi and &#8220;Beur&#8221; 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