{"id":33354,"date":"2024-06-07T09:43:28","date_gmt":"2024-06-07T07:43:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/?p=33354"},"modified":"2024-06-11T12:30:58","modified_gmt":"2024-06-11T10:30:58","slug":"beirut-in-two-stages-a-theatre-story","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/beirut-in-two-stages-a-theatre-story\/","title":{"rendered":"Omar Naim Exclusive: Two Films on Beirut &#038; Theatre"},"content":{"rendered":"<h5><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Omar Naim is a writer and director from Lebanon. He has made three feature fiction films and two documentaries, both about the theatre and the city of Beirut, shot nearly twenty years apart. They are being shown here together for the first time. <\/span><em>Grand Theatre: A Tale of Beirut<\/em> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">was his thesis film, shot in the summer of 1998, less than a decade after the end of the 1975-1990 Lebanese Civil War. It was a student Academy Award finalist. In 2016, two years into a presidential crisis in Lebanon, he shot<\/span><em> Madinatan<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (<\/span>Two Cities)<\/em><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, a documentation of the 20<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">th<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> anniversary celebrations of the Al-Madina Theatre in Beirut. <\/span><em>Madinatan<\/em> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">was acquired by BBC Arabic and screened on TV both there and on LBC. These are his reflections on the making of these two films.<\/span><\/h5>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4>Omar Naim<\/h4>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When I was a boy, theatre was like God: I had absolute faith in it, despite never seeing any evidence that it existed. I was raised in Jordan, Cyprus and Beirut in the \u201880s and early \u201890s. Except for school plays, there just wasn\u2019t much theatre around to be seen.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Then again, my mother is Nidal Ashkar, Lebanese actress and director, star of Arab stage and screen, and later the founder of the Al Madina Theatre on Hamra street. At home, the power of theatre was never in doubt. My mother sacrificed for it, fought for it, shaped her life around this art form. It was akin to being raised by the clergy of a dead religion. She did put on two amazing productions during this period, <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">1001 Tales from Souk Oukaz<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, and <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Al Halaba<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, which left a deep impression on me, but an impression in the shape of my mother, not necessarily theatre. Those works seemed more like an extension of her personality and less like examples of a medium.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">At 13, I was struck down with a mad love for the movies. Unlike theatre, film was everywhere. VHS was the great equalizer. From our Lebanese village home, I could steep myself in film as deeply as a young film lover might do in Los Angeles or Paris or New York. When I arrived at film school in Boston, I was as fluent in film as any of my peers. I wanted to learn and to succeed, but I also wanted to do some good: being an Arab watching Arabs and other Middle Easterners on film was often painful. I don\u2019t need to explain that to you: we were bad guys, oafs, extremists, people who kidnapped Sally Field\u2019s daughter.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In 1998 I had to choose a subject for my BFA thesis film. I wanted to write a musical <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">grand guignol <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">of <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hansel &amp; Gretel<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. My advisors wisely suggested that perhaps, instead of adapting a Germanic fairy tale, something anyone could do, what if instead I made a documentary about my home country? This was good advice that I resisted with all my will. I was slightly offended \u2014 why couldn\u2019t I make a fanciful, stylized art object? Why was it <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">fait accompli<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> that since I was from a \u201ctroubled\u201d country I had to make a documentary? I told them, \u201cWhat a great idea,\u201d all the while thinking, \u201cFuck you, I\u2019ll show you.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">My plan was to <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">pretend<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to be making a documentary, and then, when I arrived in Lebanon with the school\u2019s crew and equipment, I\u2019d make whatever the hell I wanted. I vaguely remembered the Grand Theatre, an old abandoned stage, from a school trip and my mother\u2019s attempts to refurbish it in the early nineties. I told them the idea for the documentary was Theatre of War. Yes, lame, I know. I thought that was the sort of thing they\u2019d green light, and I was right.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Then something unexpected happened \u2014 I fell in love with documentaries and with my Trojan horse subject itself. The story of the Grand Theatre actually had rich metaphorical power; it was very visual and beautiful; and most importantly for a documentary, I had access. Through the theatre world that my family was deeply connected to, I could get interviews and archival footage that others would be denied. The more I researched, the more a simple but powerful equation solidified in my mind: the story of the Grand Theatre was the story of Beirut. It was a perfect microcosm, a way to explore my feelings about my home in an indirect way, a hopefully artful way \u2014 a fact-based film as far away from journalism as you can get.<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<div class=\"ose-vimeo ose-uid-c39050e82b30a6048a564c42ea5ceaaf ose-embedpress-responsive\" style=\"width:600px; height:550px; max-height:550px; max-width:100%; display:inline-block;\" data-embed-type=\"Vimeo\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" allowFullScreen=\"true\" title=\"&quot;Grand Theatre&quot; \u2014 a documentary by Omar Naim\" src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/954261673?dnt=0&amp;app_id=122963&title=0&color=00ADEF&byline=0&portrait=0&autoplay=0&loop=0&autopause=0\" width=\"600\" height=\"550\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"encrypted-media;accelerometer;autoplay;clipboard-write;gyroscope;picture-in-picture fullscreen; picture-in-picture; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<hr \/>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">We filmed in the summer of 1998. Lebanon was in a period of stagnation, but it seemed that hope was around the corner. The war had ended less than a decade before, and a flood of money was pouring into the country. Downtown Beirut was a massive construction site, the skyline full of cranes and the skeletal beginnings of new buildings. The street where the Grand Theatre stood \u2014 right in the heart of the former Green Line, the site of the most heated battles between the various militias who fought the civil war \u2014 was still mostly a blasted ruin. That summer was unspeakably hot and humid, especially inside the dusty, debris-filled theatre itself. But we were all in our early twenties, so rolling around in the dirt for the sake of art was our idea of heaven.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Documentaries are a much looser mode of filmmaking than fiction films, and the latitude for experimentation is quite high. I often film things and find out later why I filmed them. The formal elements of interviews, archival footage, and B-roll allow for just about any idea to be expressed as you stitch them together later in the editing suite \u2014 provided you\u2019ve shot the images to make that possible.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_33410\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-33410\" style=\"width: 1000px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-33410 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/photo-from-the-set-of-Grand-Theatre.jpg\" alt=\"Classic cast and crew photo from the set of Grand Theatre, with the director lower right (courtesy Omar Naim).\" width=\"1000\" height=\"772\" srcset=\"https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/photo-from-the-set-of-Grand-Theatre.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/photo-from-the-set-of-Grand-Theatre-600x463.jpg 600w, https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/photo-from-the-set-of-Grand-Theatre-300x232.jpg 300w, https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/photo-from-the-set-of-Grand-Theatre-768x593.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-33410\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Classic cast and crew photo from the set of <em>Grand Theatre<\/em>, with the director lower right (courtesy Omar Naim).<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">From my pre-interviews, I had the gut feeling that one of the thematic threads of the film was going to be the unreality of the civil war. The war had been fought by young people, teenagers really, their heads full of pop images of warfare from Cuba and Africa and Russia. It had been a very theatrical war, and so many of the archival images of the young militiamen \u2014 shirts open down to their waists, cigarettes clenched between their lips, long, feathered hair flowing and Kalashnikovs slung over their shoulders \u2014 already seemed like stills from a movie set. I felt that something interesting would emerge from that idea. So, in addition to all the other footage I shot, I filmed short dramatized sequences, with actors, meant to look like actual documentary footage from the \u201880s.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In the film, our interlocutors tell the story of the first time a play was presented to a Lebanese audience at the turn of the 20th century. Stunned by this unknown ritual, people had interrupted the production and tried to interfere with the conflict and patch things up between the characters. <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">They\u2019d thought it was real<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. I decided to use the dramatized footage in the same way, to make the audience, if only for a moment, think that those scenes were also real, putting them in the shoes of that first theatre audience. (Subjectivity is a beautiful feeling to generate in a documentary, that bastion of the so-called objective).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The major theme of the film emerged as that of a contested reality. Nobody could agree on anything about the Grand Theatre, much as we, the Lebanese, can\u2019t agree on our own history. The film concludes with the arrival of the real-estate developer, Solidere, and promises of a bright and shiny future: they would rebuild the Grand Theatre and rebuild Lebanon. Yet even then, I had my doubts, and the closing moments of the film are dark and dissonant.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Grand Theatre sits abandoned and unreconstructed to this day.<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<div class=\"ose-vimeo ose-uid-146d146e5057874d5d80b1684ca31f02 ose-embedpress-responsive\" style=\"width:600px; height:550px; max-height:550px; max-width:100%; display:inline-block;\" data-embed-type=\"Vimeo\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" allowFullScreen=\"true\" title=\"&quot;Two Cities-Madinataan&quot;\u2014a film by Omar Naim\" src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/954292702?dnt=0&amp;app_id=122963&title=0&color=00ADEF&byline=0&portrait=0&autoplay=0&loop=0&autopause=0\" width=\"600\" height=\"550\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"encrypted-media;accelerometer;autoplay;clipboard-write;gyroscope;picture-in-picture fullscreen; picture-in-picture; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<hr \/>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Almost 20 years later, I was asked to document the 20th anniversary of the Al Madina Theatre. This is the theatre my mother opened when she failed to secure the Grand Theatre as an active stage all those years ago. To celebrate 20 years of survival, the theatre was putting on a two-week extravaganza of 20 shows, featuring dozens of actors and directors, including my own father, Fouad Naim, who directed an Arabic adaptation of Ionescu\u2019s absurdist drama, <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Exit the King<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. I felt this was an opportunity to do more than just film a festival of productions, but to make another film comparing Beirut and a theatre. This time, the idea was that Masrah Al Madina (The City Theatre) was a high functioning community rooted in mutual respect and creativity, while our actual city of Beirut was based on sectarianism, cults of personality, and was actively trying to kill us on a daily basis. This was 2016, the peak of the garbage crisis and the political crisis that had left us without a president for two entire years at that point.<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Beirut is a world of lies \u2014 the lie of eventual prosperity, the lie of stability, the lie of a functioning state \u2014 run by a cabal of liars who play protective chieftains in public and fleece their partisans in private.<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Well, we <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">thought <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">it was the peak of the crisis, which was a failure of our imagination. 2016 proved to be only the gateway to years and years of economic collapse, political corruption, heightened sectarianism, an exploding port, and a never-ending shitstorm of injustice and pain.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">My intention was to make an omnibus film of the Lebanese theatre scene, something like a documentary version of Robert Altman\u2019s <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nashville. <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">That turned out to be unwieldy and unnecessary \u2014 the various characters, all of them actors and directors, were all telling the same story, a story of creative resistance to overwhelming darkness. By focusing on only a handful of players, mainly my own parents, I could tell the most powerful version of the story, and the most personal.<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Inside the Al Madina Theatre is one world, outside is another, and the contrast is the very embodiment of dramatic irony. Beirut is a world of lies \u2014 the lie of eventual prosperity, the lie of stability, the lie of a functioning state \u2014 run by a cabal of liars who play protective chieftains in public and fleece their partisans in private. But in the theatre, where the play is the thing, a lie is a bum note, a failure of art, and is immediately clocked. Be it a fakey performance, or a bad line of dialogue, or a light in the wrong place, the living organism that is the play cannot bear it. So what happens when the truth-telling on stage collides with the deception in the street? It\u2019s a clash of values, and that\u2019s what Two Cities is ultimately about.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">But what can film contribute to the theatre? A play is an ephemeral thing, it happens and then it\u2019s gone forever. A filmed play is hardly the same experience, so film cannot preserve theatre in that way. What film can do is preserve the struggle. Most actors and directors in Lebanon cannot make a living purely from their creative work. They often have multiple jobs and families to support, yet still feel the calling to play pretend on stage, all while surviving Beirut\u2019s Sisyphean daily grind.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">One day, I hope to make a third documentary, and complete this trilogy of theatre films. So far I\u2019ve made two tragedies. I keep waiting for the right subject and the right moment to tell a hopeful story for a change. It may be just around the corner. Or I may be waiting forever, like the Grand Theatre itself, gloomy with <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">sorrow, a shell of a beautiful thing, now just a memory.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Omar Naim set out to create a film about the Lebanese theatre scene where stage honesty clashes with street deceit.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":575,"featured_media":33384,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[12,41,3588],"tags":[528,3619,3618,3620,1032],"article-category":[],"article-type":[],"coauthors":[3617],"class_list":["post-33354","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-essay","category-theatre","category-tmr-42-theatre","tag-documentary","tag-fouad-naim","tag-grand-theatre-in-beirut","tag-lebanese-plays","tag-lebanon"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v25.5 (Yoast SEO v27.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Omar Naim Exclusive: Two Films on Beirut &amp; 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