{"id":28193,"date":"2023-09-11T12:00:57","date_gmt":"2023-09-11T10:00:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/?p=28193"},"modified":"2023-09-11T12:22:45","modified_gmt":"2023-09-11T10:22:45","slug":"the-fall-of-kabul-parwan-detention-facility-bagram-district-parwan-province","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/the-fall-of-kabul-parwan-detention-facility-bagram-district-parwan-province\/","title":{"rendered":"The Fall of Kabul: Parwan Detention Facility, Bagram District, Parwan Province"},"content":{"rendered":"
On the day Kabul fell to the Taliban, 5,000 inmates living in communal pens in Afghan\u2019s main military prison, built by the US during George W. Bush\u2019s administration, walked free.<\/span><\/h5>\n

 <\/p>\n

Andrew Quilty<\/h4>\n

 <\/p>\n

Sunday, August 15, 2021, was yard day for Hejratullah and Fawad. Every second day, they and their cellmates in the Parwan Detention Facility, which was encircled by Bagram Airfield, were given time in a cage-in pen accessed directly from the backs of the cells, where they would eat their breakfast of bread and green tea on the concrete in the sun. On this day, the inmates sitting in the sun were even more buoyant than usual, singing anthems as they slurped their tea. Word had arrived that freedom was near.<\/span><\/p>\n

Around 30 inmates shared each of the dozen cells into each prison block. Hejratullah\u2019s and Fawad\u2019s cells were around ten meters long and six meters wide. The inmates slept shoulder to shoulder on thin mattresses, with their toes pointing toward the center of the room. They made space by bundling in scarves all their belongings \u2014 including handmade boxing gloves, and sneakers made from the remnants of prison garb \u2014 and hanging them from torn lengths of fabric tied to the cage ceiling; the web of fabric strips also allowed scarves and shawls to be draped between the mattresses for privacy. Piles of religious texts were stacked in the corners. Some prisoners collected date seeds in a jar, then shaved the sides until they were smooth, drilled narrow holes into them, threaded them onto twine and tied them into loops of Islamic prayer beads. Toothbrushes and disposable razors sat in juice boxes that had been cut in half and bonded to the wall with thick layers of toothpaste \u2026<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
August in Kabul<\/em><\/a> is published by Bloomsbury.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Prisoners smuggled Nokia phones inside the detention center by bribing guards, then sold them for as much as 60,000 Afghani (approximately US $750 at the time). In Hejratullah\u2019s cell, in the corner furthest from its heavy sliding door, two hanging blankets created a cubicle large enough for a single person to stand within. It was from this makeshift phone booth, where calls were limited to a maximum of two minutes, that news arrived from the outside world and was then passed around the prison. And by 10 a.m. on August 15, some momentous news had been received after a succession of calls: Charikar, the district center of Parwan province, and only 20 minutes by road from the prison, had fallen into Taliban hands. Soon after, a guard who worked as an informant for the Taliban came to the cell and informed the prisoners that Pul-i Charkhi Prison in Kabul has been taken over by the Taliban and all the prisoners had been released. \u201cYou\u2019re going to be released soon too,\u201d said the guard.<\/span><\/p>\n

Fawad and his cellmates, who were in another block, weren\u2019t given the same courtesy. When a guard ordered the prisoners into their cell before their allotted time, the cell leader protested, drawing senior prison officers who threaten to send in the riot squad if the inmates didn\u2019t comply. When the prisoners heard gunshots in the distance, they halted their protest, worried that the guards might use the moment of tumult to shoot them and then claim they were killed in combat. The cell leader suggested everyone recite from the Koran. \u201cToday we might be martyred,\u201d he told them.<\/span><\/p>\n

Before long, the prison guards in both Hejratullah and Fawad\u2019s cellblocks had disappeared altogether. Not long after that, shouts could be heard echoing through the concrete buildings \u2014 sounds of disorder, confusion, elation. Men in prison uniforms started appearing in the corridors to open the cells\u2019 sliding doors and urge the prisoners to get out. \u201cNo one\u2019s here,\u201d they said. \u201cNo soldiers, no commanders. The mujahedin are here and they\u2019ve come to release us.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Hejratullah and his cellmates were still locked in the caged outdoor area, but they managed to climb above the access door and through a window that the inmates had always resented because of the sun that poured through in the mornings and the cold drafts that blew in during winter. When they dropped down into their cell, the door was open and the guards were nowhere to be seen.<\/span><\/p>\n

Fawad and the inmates in his block were more wary. Two months earlier, there had been an attempted breakout \u2026 [W]hen the prison guards realized what was happening, they responded with overwhelming force \u2026 Scores were injured \u2026 \u201cSo when they told us to leave this day,\u201d says Saeed Rahim, one of those who shared Fawad\u2019s cell, \u201cwe remember the incident that happened a couple of months ago.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

However, once the sounds of footsteps and voices within the block had faded and been replaced by the more distant noise of larger numbers of men, Fawad and his cellmates left as well, walking out through the area where ordinarily they would be shackled and blindfolded before attending court or meetings with their defense lawyers. \u201cThe treatment of mujahedin,\u201d says Hejratullah,\u00a0 \u201cwasn’t very good. They could do whatever they liked with us.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"\"
Afghan refugees attempt to get onto the tarmac at the international airport in Kabul, on Monday, Aug. 16, 2021, as US soldiers stand guard (photo Shekib Rahmani\/AP).<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

The only doors the inmates couldn\u2019t open were the dead bolted main entrances to the cellblocks, which from the outside looked like industrial warehouses. But the escapees pried away just enough of the iron sheeting that lay where the walls met the doorframes to allow them to crawl through. Once out, they would help liberate those in the other blocks.<\/span><\/p>\n

Senior Taliban inmates maintain mobile phone contact with commanders outside the airfield, who reminded them to be patient, throughout the escape. \u201cWe were told not to leave the prison until 2 p.m.,\u201d says Hejratullah. There were hundreds of prominent Taliban commanders and functionaries inside the prison, and the group\u2019s military commission wanted to ensure the facility was properly secured before the inmates rushed for the front gates. But for the first prisoners to break free from the cellblocks, many of whom had been imprisoned there for more than a decade, the impulse to continue towards the perimeter of the airfield was too strong. Around midday, a large group of prisoners pulled away a strip of cyclone fencing from one side of the tin-roofed walkway that connected the cellblocks, and they ran for freedom. Many of them were obliterated by a strike from one of the Afghan Air Force\u2019s attack aircraft which had been prowling the skies above. Even then, inmates continue to squeeze through the holes in the outer shells of the cellblocks to fill the covered walkway, while the scattered figures and body parts of those hit by the airstrike remained where they had fallen: A warning for any who wanted to push further into Bagram Airfield.<\/span><\/p>\n

With the aircraft still circling, the prisoners at first hid under the walkway\u2019s tin roof. Around 1 p.m., they lined up in five rows, more than 100 men in each, faced Mecca and prayed. \u201cThe happiness on the prisoners\u2019 faces was a happiness that couldn\u2019t come from anything else,\u201d says Hejratullah. By the designated time of 2 p.m., they began running, looking for a way out. Of course, none of the prisoners were familiar with the sprawling airfield outside their cellblocks, which was divided by endless rows of demountable concrete blast walls that obscured the horizon at every turn. The inmates who headed east came to its perimeter after a few hundred kilometers, but those who fled west ventured nearly five kilometers before they even reached the airfield\u2019s dual runway, let alone the perimeter wall beyond it.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cBagram is a big place,\u201d says Hejratullah. \u201cBut I only ever saw the inside of my cell. When they took us out they put blacked-out goggles on us.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

As the escapees dispersed into smaller groups, those who commandeered abandoned military vehicles became the most obvious targets from the air. Others looted an ANA [Afghan National Army] armory and absconded with American-made weapons. Once the inmates reached the outer wall, says Saeed Rahim, \u201csome would go south and others would go north, looking for a gate.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

As Hejratullah and four friends from Chak District, Maidan Wardak province, stopped at an exit on the airfield\u2019s north-eastern side, contemplating which way to turn when they reached the road, a bomb fell from the sky to strike a nearby group of men, killing several of them. Hejratullah says that he saw \u201c80, 90, 100\u201d inmates killed by airstrikes while trying to escape.<\/span><\/p>\n

In response to questions regarding American airstrikes in Afghanistan on August 15, a US Central command spokesman denied US aircraft had conducted strikes in Bagram: \u201cCoalition forces,\u201d the spokesman said, \u201cconducted one airstrike in Kandahar province on 15 Aug.\u201d Lieutenant-general Haibatullah Alizai, on the other hand, would tell me he ordered the Afghan Air Force to unleash all is firepower that day, and that strikes were conducted in and around the prison and Bagram Airfield.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hejratullah and his friends, all of whom had by now changed out of their prison garb, walked out the gate carrying M-16 rifles taken from the ANA armory and turned into a road that encircle the eastern half of the airfield. They walked for an hour until they reached the turn-off to the new Kabul-Bagram Road.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

This is an edited extract from Andrew Quilty\u2019s book <\/span><\/span><\/em>August in Kabul: America\u2019s Last days in Afghanistan<\/span><\/span>, which was published by Bloomsbury Academic earlier this year.<\/span><\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

In his new book, Andrew Quilty relates some of the blowback after 9\/11 brought about the invasion of Iraq and 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Lloyd)."},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/the-fall-of-kabul-parwan-detention-facility-bagram-district-parwan-province\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"The Fall of Kabul: Parwan Detention Facility, Bagram District, Parwan Province"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/#website","url":"https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/","name":"The Markaz Review","description":"Literature and Arts from the Center of the 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