{"id":25041,"date":"2023-02-13T09:35:20","date_gmt":"2023-02-13T07:35:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/?p=25041"},"modified":"2023-03-04T13:08:46","modified_gmt":"2023-03-04T11:08:46","slug":"tmrs-multilingual-lexicon-of-love-for-valentines-day","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/tmrs-multilingual-lexicon-of-love-for-valentines-day\/","title":{"rendered":"TMR’s Multilingual Lexicon of Love for Valentine\u2019s Day"},"content":{"rendered":"

From the Middle East, with Love<\/h3>\n

(in Arabic, Persian, Hebrew, Turkish & Kurdish)<\/h4>\n

 <\/p>\n

Malu Halasa, with linguistic contributions from Rana Asfour, Salar Abdoh and Lawrence Joffe<\/h4>\n

 <\/p>\n

The songs of Egypt\u2019s Um Kulthum, Iran\u2019s Googoosh and Turkey\u2019s B\u00fclent Ersoy celebrate the many facets of love \u2014 from the unrequited to the joyful and the wickedly illicit. Some of the best poetry by medieval Islamic poets or ancient Bedouins tells the story of furtive glances, chance meetings and secluded hideaways. Enforced social, cultural, and religious segregation of the sexes, from ancient times until now, have put all that longing into words and aphorisms that have entered the popular vernacular.<\/p>\n

The Beloved is as beautiful as the moon, in Persian and Arabic. He, she or they could also be \u201ca liver\u201d in Persian, or \u201coxygen\u201d in Sorani Kurdish \u2014 organs and elements essential to the survival of a love-worn body politic. In Arabic, they can be honey, or their blood is light\u2014 not in weight but glowing \u2014 in someone\u2019s aching heart. The phrase in Arabic, In sarakt, isrek gamal, wa in ashikt ishak gamar <\/em>(\u201cIf you steal then steal a camel, and if you love then love someone as beautiful as the moon\u201d) captures the possibilities of a night of wonder under the stars, in Jordan\u2019s Wadi Rum. In many endearments, love and life are interchangeable.<\/p>\n

The Hebrew Bible\u2019s Old Testament\u2019s Shir haShirim<\/em> (Song of Songs, also known as the Song of Solomon) offers unlikely similes. A woman\u2019s eyes are like a dove\u2019s, or she has a mane of hair that moves similar to a flock of goats, as in Shir haShirim<\/em> 4:1 \u2014 Hinoch yafa ra\u2019iti, hinoch yafa \u2018einayich; yonim mi-ba\u2019ad le-tzamatikh sa\u2019ireikh ke-\u2018eiderr ha\u2019izim she-galshu mei-har gil\u2019ad <\/em>(\u201cBehold I saw that you are fair, my beloved\u2026 your eyes are doves, from within your kerchief; your hair is like a flock of goats that streamed from Mount Gilead.\u201d) One of the first erotic poems also captures the desolation of absence: \u201cI will arise now and go about the city, in the marketplaces and in the city squares. I will seek him whom my soul loves; I sought him, but I did not find him,\u201d and \u201cThe watchmen who patrol the city found me: \u2018Have you seen him whom my soul loves?\u2019\u201d (Shir haShirim<\/em> 3:1-3.)<\/p>\n

Despite the modern hate speech on social media, the internet is awash in sentimental, old-fashioned love. Learning the verses of the Persian Sufi poet, Rumi by heart has a dual purpose: His poetry translated into Turkish<\/a> is one of many ways of learning the language. His advice, B\u0131r\u0430k\u0430c\u0430\u011f\u0131n \u0435li hi\u00e7 tutm\u0430, tut\u0430c\u0430\u011f\u0131n \u0435li is\u0435 hi\u00e7 b\u0131r\u0430km\u0430. S\u0430ht\u0435 s\u0435vgilil\u0435r\u0435 g\u00fcl olm\u0430kt\u0430ns\u0430, g\u0435r\u00e7\u0435k s\u0435vgilil\u0435r\u0435 \u0501ik\u0435n ol<\/em> (\u201c<\/em>Don\u2019t ever hold the hand you\u2019ll leave, don\u2019t ever leave the hand you\u2019ll hold. Instead of being a rose to fake lovers, be a thorn to real lovers,\u201d) teaches fortitude to those who dare to love.<\/p>\n

The Persian translator Salar Abdoh provides a timely warning to those who rely on the polyglot internet and chatbots: \u201cRumi was after all one of several towering poets of the Persian language. Translated, he might still be an outstanding poet, yet nothing like the sublime wordsmith that he was in Persian.\u201d Still, some of the Sufi poet\u2019s meaning gets through, when he suggested not all love is a bed of roses. It\u2019s like getting burned or putting on \u201cthe shirt of fire.\u201d<\/p>\n

Then there are those who have the temerity to reject love. To which there can be only one reply, in Arabic: Habak bors <\/em>\u2014 <\/em>May a lizard love you! No matter, love is as old as time, and affectionate phrases abound in Kurdish dialects, from Kurmanji<\/a> to Sorani<\/a>.<\/p>\n

For tongue-tied lovers, in honor of St. Valentine\u2019s Day, the Markaz Review offers the lexicon of romance, in five languages.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

ARABIC<\/h4>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u062d\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0628\u0647
\n<\/strong>Alhob mittil alreeh la yumkinuka an tarah, walaken yukinuka an tashuur bihi
\n<\/em>Love is like the wind, you can\u2019t see it, but you can feel it.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0631\u064a
\n<\/strong>Anta omri
\n<\/em>You are my life.
\nUm Kulthum immortalized this popular love saying in a song of that name.<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a
\n<\/strong>Min oyouni
\n<\/em>From my eyes.
\nThis would be the answer when a loved one asks his\/her\/their beloved for a favor.<\/p>\n

\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a
\n<\/strong>Ala raassi
\n<\/em>On my head
\nThat is the literal translation and is used when someone who is loved holds the other person in such high esteem, they would do absolutely anything asked of them.<\/p>\n

\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0643 \u0639\u0633\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0644\u0628\u064a
\n<\/strong>Kalamak assal ala albi
\n<\/em>Your words are honey on my heart.
\nThis is a flirtatious phrase from one to their beloved to suggest what\u2019s being said is as sweet as honey.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u062f\u0645\u0643 \u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641
\n<\/strong>Dammak\u00a0khafeef
\n<\/em>Your blood is light.
\nThis means someone is likeable and adorable.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0631 \u0642\u0644\u0628\u064a
\n<\/strong>Tobor kalbi
\n<\/em>Bury my heart.
\nIt may sound horrific. However, it is a term of endearment meant for those you truly love, for it means that one loves another so much they are willing to die for them.<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0650\u0646 \u0623\u064e\u062c\u0644\u0650\u0643\u064e \u0623\u064e\u0644\u0641\u064f \u0645\u064e\u0631\u064e\u0651\u0629\u064d \u0623\u064f\u062e\u0631\u0649
\n<\/strong>Min ajlika\u00a0alfumarratin\u00a0ukhra
\n<\/em>For you a thousand times more.<\/p>\n

\u0623\u064e\u0646\u062a\u064e \u062d\u064e\u0628\u064a\u0628\u064f \u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a
\n<\/strong>Anta habibu\u00a0ruhi
\n<\/em>You are the love of my soul.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u0647 \u063a\u0632\u0627\u0644
\n<\/strong>Al gird be ayn ommo ghazal
\n<\/em>The literal translation is: A monkey in its mother\u2019s eyes is as beautiful as a gazelle. Meaning that if you love someone, even if they\u2019re ugly, you only see them as perfect.<\/p>\n

\u062d\u0628\u0643 \u0628\u0631\u0635
\n<\/strong>Habak bors
\n<\/em>May a lizard love you!
\nThis the reaction of someone whose heartfelt feelings are not reciprocated.<\/p>\n

\u0625\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0643 \u0639\u0633\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0634 \u0643\u0644\u0647
\n<\/strong>Inkan <\/em>habeebak\u00a0assal, tillhasosh kollo
\n<\/em>If your beloved is honey, don\u2019t lick them all up.
\nThe literal translation is a warning against emotional gluttony.<\/p>\n

\u0628\u0645\u0648\u062a \u0641\u064a\u0643\u064a
\n<\/strong>Bamoot feekee
\n<\/em>I die in you.
\nEternal love is someone you would die for.<\/p>\n

\u0625\u0646 \u0633\u0631\u0642\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0642 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646 \u0639\u0634\u0642\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0639\u0634\u0642 \u0642\u0645\u0631
\n<\/strong>In sarakt, isrek gamal, wa in ashikt ishak gamar
\n<\/em>If you steal, then steal a camel, and if you love, then love someone as beautiful as the moon.<\/p>\n

\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0632\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644
\n<\/strong>Habibi zay illful
\n<\/em>My beloved is perfect.<\/p>\n

\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0632\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631
\n<\/strong>Habibi zay ill gamar
\n<\/em>My beloved is as beautiful as the moon.<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0648\u0633 \u0628\u064a\u0643
\n<\/strong>Mahwoos beek
\n<\/em>I am crazy about you.<\/p>\n

\u064a\u0627 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u064a
\n<\/strong>Ya Hayati
\n<\/em>Oh, my life<\/p>\n

\u0623\u0646\u062a \u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a
\n<\/strong>Inta ruhi
\n<\/em>You are my soul<\/p>\n

\u064a\u0627 \u0642\u0644\u0628\u064a
\n<\/strong>Ya albi
\n<\/em>My heart, which means my beloved.<\/p>\n

\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u0644\u0630\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u062f\u064a
\n<\/strong>Ya falathit kabidi
\n<\/em>Oh, essence of my liver
\nIt is the highest endearment for the beloved.<\/p>\n

\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0631\u064a
\n<\/strong>Ya baad omri inta\/inti
\n<\/em>Oh after my life, you!
\nMeaning you are my now and forever.<\/p>\n

\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a
\n<\/strong>Ya oyouni
\n<\/em>My eyes
\nIn this usage, \u201cmy eyes\u201d is closer in meaning to \u201cthe apple of my eye.\u201d
\n\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"
Reem Mouasher, “Love Letters, Mahmoud Darwish,” acrylic on paper, 28x40cm, 2022 (courtesy Reem Mouasher<\/a>).<\/p>\n

<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

PERSIAN<\/h4>\n

\u062c\u06cc\u06af\u0631\u062a \u0631\u0648
\n<\/strong>You liver
\nThis is a term of endearment, which means you really adore someone.<\/p>\n

\u062f\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a\u0647
\n<\/strong>My heart is with you.<\/p>\n

\u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0648 \u0646\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0645
\n<\/strong>Without you I can\u2019t.<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0648\u06cc \u062f\u0644\u0645\u06cc
\n<\/strong>You\u2019re in my heart.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0636\u0627\u062d \u0645\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0645\u062a
\n<\/strong>I want you something awful.<\/p>\n

\u062f\u0627\u063a\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0645
\n<\/strong>I\u2019m broken for you.<\/p>\n

\u062f\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u0645
\n<\/strong>I get you.<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0646 \u0648 \u062a\u0648 \u0647\u0645 \u0631\u0648 \u0645\u06cc \u0641\u0647\u0645\u06cc\u0645
\nYou and I understand each other.<\/p>\n

\u062f\u0648\u0633\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0645
\n<\/strong>I adore you.<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0646 \u067e\u0634\u062a\u062a\u0645
\n<\/strong>I\u2019m behind you.<\/p>\n

\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0645\u0647 \u0686\u06cc\u0645 \u0631\u0648 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0630\u0627\u0631\u0645
\n<\/strong>I\u2019ll leave my everything for you.<\/p>\n

\u0686\u0634\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0648 \u0645\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0645
\n<\/strong>I want your eyes.<\/p>\n

\u0628\u06cc\u0627 \u067e\u06cc\u0634 \u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u0645
\n<\/strong>Come let\u2019s be next to each other.<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0646\u0648 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0634\u06cc
\n<\/strong>You kill me.<\/p>\n

\u0645\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u0631\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a
\n<\/strong>I die for you.<\/p>\n

\u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0634
\n<\/strong>Stay with me.<\/p>\n

\u0639\u0634\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u06cc
\n<\/strong>You\u2019re my love.<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u0646
\n<\/strong>My moon<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

HEBREW<\/h4>\n

Love in Hebrew is \u05d0\u05d4\u05d1\u05d4,<\/strong> ahava<\/em>. Some three millennia after the Song of Songs, an amorous girl could tell her Tel Aviv boyfriend:
\n\u05d0\u05e0\u05d9 \u05d0\u05d5\u05d4\u05d1\u05ea \u05d0\u05d5\u05ea\u05da
\nAni ohevet otkha \u2013 <\/em>and he might reply in kind: Ani ohev otakh. <\/em>\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

Alternatively, it might be hipper these days to say:
\n\u05d0\u05e0\u05d9 \u05d3\u05dc\u05d5\u05e7 \u05e2\u05dc\u05d9\u05d9\u05da
\nAni daluk \u2018alayikh <\/em>(male to female).
\nI have a thing for you (or literally, I am burning on you.).<\/p>\n

Or even:
\n\u05d0\u05e0\u05d9 \u05de\u05ea \u05e2\u05dc\u05d9\u05d9\u05da
\nAni met \u2018alayikh
\n<\/em>I am crazy about you (though literally, and somewhat alarmingly, \u201cI am dying on you.\u201d)<\/p>\n

Lastly, he could resort to:
\n\u05d0\u05e0\u05d9\u00a0\u05d7\u05d5\u05dc\u05d4\u00a0\u05e2\u05dc\u05d9\u05d9\u05da
\nAni Holeh \u2018alayikh
\n<\/em>This means: I am obsessed with you, which is much better than the direct translation: I am sick on you.<\/p>\n

More romantically, if wordily, a girl asking a boy \u201cWould you be my Valentine?\u201d \u2014 or literally, my love festival partner \u2014 comes out as
\n\u05d4\u05d0\u05dd \u05d0\u05ea\u05d4 \u05e8\u05d5\u05e6\u05d4 \u05dc\u05d4\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea \u05d1\u05df \u05d6\u05d5\u05d2 \u05e9\u05dc\u05d9 \u05d1\u05d7\u05d2 \u05d4\u05d0\u05d4\u05d1\u05d4
\n<\/span>Ata rotzeh lihiyot ben-zivug sheli ba-Hag ha-ahava?<\/em><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

RUMI\u2019S RULES OF LOVE, IN TURKISH<\/h4>\n

A\u015fk say\u0131ya s\u0131\u011fmaz, \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcye gelmez sevgidir.
\n<\/strong><\/em>Love is an endearment that doesn\u2019t fit into numbers and measurements.<\/p>\n

A\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn hastal\u0131klardan ayr\u0131d\u0131r.
\n<\/strong><\/em>The disease of the lover is different from all diseases.<\/p>\n

A\u015fk sand\u0131\u011f\u0131n kadar de\u011fil, yand\u0131\u011f\u0131n kadard\u0131r.
\n<\/strong><\/em>Love is not as much as you think, it\u2019s as much as you are burnt.<\/p>\n

A\u015fk, \u00f6yle engin bir denizdir ki, ne ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131 ne de sonu vard\u0131r.
\n<\/strong><\/em>Love is such a vast sea that it has neither beginning nor end.<\/p>\n

B\u0131r\u0430k\u0430c\u0430\u011f\u0131n \u0435li hi\u00e7 tutm\u0430, tut\u0430c\u0430\u011f\u0131n \u0435li is\u0435 hi\u00e7 b\u0131r\u0430km\u0430. S\u0430ht\u0435 s\u0435vgilil\u0435r\u0435 g\u00fcl olm\u0430kt\u0430ns\u0430, g\u0435r\u00e7\u0435k s\u0435vgilil\u0435r\u0435 \u0501ik\u0435n ol.
\n<\/strong><\/em>Don\u2019t ever hold the hand you\u2019ll leave, don\u2019t ever leave the hand you\u2019ll hold. Instead of being a rose to fake lovers, be a thorn to real lovers.<\/p>\n

A\u015fk ate\u015ften g\u00f6mlektir<\/strong><\/em>.
\n<\/em>Love is a shirt made of fire.<\/p>\n

A\u015fk a\u011flat\u0131r, dert s\u00f6yletir.
\n<\/strong><\/em>Love makes you cry, trouble makes you talk.<\/p>\n

A\u015fk ya\u015fan\u0131r, anlat\u0131lmaz<\/strong>.
\n<\/strong>Love is lived, not explained.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

KURDISH<\/h4>\n

Kurmanji<\/p>\n

Dil\u00ea min
\n<\/strong>My heart.<\/p>\n

I te hez dikim
\n<\/strong>I love you.<\/p>\n

Sorani<\/p>\n

Ron\u00eeya \u00e7av\u00ea min
\n<\/strong>Light of my eyes<\/p>\n

Bo awana Jwani?
\n<\/strong>Why, are you so beautiful?<\/p>\n

Nazdarakam
\n<\/strong>My darling<\/p>\n

Hanasa
\n<\/strong>My Oxygen<\/p>\n

This is a literal translation, which refers to breath.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Expressions of love in Arabic, Persian, Hebrew, Turkish and Kurdish, to give Valentine’s Day a new meaning.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":25086,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[8,51],"tags":[249,792,999,1060,1349,2337,1735],"article-category":[],"article-type":[],"coauthors":[2165],"class_list":["post-25041","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-column","category-tmr-weekly","tag-arabic","tag-hebrew","tag-kurdish","tag-love","tag-persian","tag-romance","tag-turkish"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nTMR's Multilingual Lexicon of Love for Valentine\u2019s Day - 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