{"id":10975,"date":"2022-10-31T09:00:57","date_gmt":"2022-10-31T07:00:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/?p=10975"},"modified":"2022-12-25T11:38:27","modified_gmt":"2022-12-25T09:38:27","slug":"celebrating-mawlid-an-nabaoui-with-stambeli-trance-in-tunis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/celebrating-mawlid-an-nabaoui-with-stambeli-trance-in-tunis\/","title":{"rendered":"Celebrating Mawlid An-Nabaoui with Stambeli Trance in Tunis"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure id=\"attachment_11003\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-11003\" style=\"width: 1400px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11003\" src=\"https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/stambeli-blue-shreya.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1400\" height=\"927\" srcset=\"https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/stambeli-blue-shreya.jpg 1400w, https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/stambeli-blue-shreya-600x397.jpg 600w, https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/stambeli-blue-shreya-300x199.jpg 300w, https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/stambeli-blue-shreya-1024x678.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/stambeli-blue-shreya-768x509.jpg 768w, https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/stambeli-blue-shreya-1320x874.jpg 1320w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1400px) 100vw, 1400px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-11003\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Stambeli performers in Tunis are dressed in dark blue <em>jebbas<\/em> and play the <em>shekashek<\/em> in honor of the birth of the Prophet (all photos courtesy Shreya Parikh).<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>On the day that celebrates the birth of the Prophet, stambeli musicians and Tunis residents rejoice together with ritual music and chants, winding their way from Zaouia Sidi Mahrez through our correspondent&#8217;s neighborhood of Bab Souika to Place du Tribunal, a square in front of Palais Kheireddine in Hafsia.<\/em><\/p>\n<h4>\u00a0<\/h4>\n<h4>Shreya Parikh<\/h4>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>I am in the crowded courtyard of <em>Zaouia<\/em> Sidi Mahrez, the mausoleum of the patron saint of Tunis. The air is thick with incense and the smell of sweat from the morning sun falling on all our bodies. It is the eighth day of October, 2022, which commemorates Mawlid An-Nabaoui, the day of the birth of Prophet Mohammad. As I elbow my way into the crowd, the only thing I see when I face the direction of the drum and the sounds of <em>shekashek<\/em> (metallic clappers strung together with strings) is a sea of hands clapping, waving to the beat, or filming the scene for a loved one who isn\u2019t in Tunis today.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_11002\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-11002\" style=\"width: 750px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-11002\" src=\"https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/mawlid-courtyard-shreya-1024x678.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"750\" height=\"497\" srcset=\"https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/mawlid-courtyard-shreya-1024x678.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/mawlid-courtyard-shreya-600x397.jpg 600w, https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/mawlid-courtyard-shreya-300x199.jpg 300w, https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/mawlid-courtyard-shreya-768x509.jpg 768w, https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/mawlid-courtyard-shreya-1320x874.jpg 1320w, https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/mawlid-courtyard-shreya.jpg 1400w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-11002\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Place Tribunal, Tunis.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>The pushing throng brings me to the door of the mausoleum, and so, like the women around me, I find myself swept inside to pay my respects. As we enter through the large door, the woman behind me knocks on the round metallic door-knob, mumbling a prayer that I struggle to decipher. I continue to be pushed into the hall where women are lined up, to my left, to drink from the sacred source of water. To my right, two giant bowls of <em>assida bil zibda <\/em>(semolina-based creamy porridge with butter) sit on a table, surrounded by women and men eating spoonfuls in contentment.<\/p>\n<p>A beautiful young woman grabs my hand, brings me close to the table and asks me to join her in eating the <em>assida<\/em>. An old man hands me a plastic spoon, and I quickly join the group to try a bit of the <em>assida<\/em>. The woman tells me that <em>assida <\/em>is Sidi Mahrez\u2019s preferred sweet, and that consuming it would bring me luck in getting married. I giggle mildly, thinking of my non-desire for a marriage, and slowly move away from the table. I enter the room where Sidi Mahrez rests, searching for my scarf to cover my head in respect.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>There are more women than men paying respects to Sidi Mahrez, as it has always been during my previous visits here. I\u2019ve been told that Sidi Mahrez answers prayers about so-called women problems \u2014 infertility, marriage, family disputes. Every time a woman there blesses me, a part of me cringes thinking about how, everywhere in the world, certain problems have come to be constructed as belonging to women alone.<\/p>\n<p>I spot the holy tomb of Sidi Mahrez and stand in the corner next to a woman who is dressed in a bright pink dress, and who is slowly entering the state of trance and coming to be possessed by a spirit. She looks around with enlarged eyes, and asks, in a thick voice, for water to be splashed over her face; women slowly gather to watch her, chanting \u201cbismillah\u201d or ululating. I stand there in the corner, unsure of what to do except to continue standing and staring like everyone else around.<\/p>\n<p>I try, in my head, to produce a rational understanding of what I see in front of me, but fail. The mausoleum and its visitors leave me in awe every time, touching a part of me that my atheist self struggles with and recurringly denies. It might be something about a sense of a past older than my body that raises goosebumps on my skin. I think of Sidi Mahrez who lived here, in the neighborhood of Bab Souika where his mausoleum stands, a thousand years ago. I think as well of the people who will visit Sidi Mahrez long after I have left Tunis, and long after I have left the world. Will they think of us here, in this moment? I wonder!<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"ose-youtube ose-uid-3c5719638c01d381c157f80351eb5af7 ose-embedpress-responsive\" style=\"width:600px; height:550px; max-height:550px; max-width:100%; display:inline-block;\" data-embed-type=\"Youtube\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" allowFullScreen=\"true\" title=\"STAMBALI NET TUNIS &quot;Sidi ali Lassmer&quot;\" width=\"600\" height=\"550\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/w7HjqEo2LZk?feature=oembed&color=red&rel=0&controls=1&start=&end=&fs=0&iv_load_policy=0&autoplay=0&mute=0&modestbranding=0&cc_load_policy=1&playsinline=1\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; encrypted-media;accelerometer;autoplay;clipboard-write;gyroscope;picture-in-picture clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Contemplations on the sacred<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The drumming beats in the courtyard change and so I get distracted from my rationalizing contemplations. I walk back, hoping to catch a glimpse of the stambeli groups playing the drums and the <em>shekashek<\/em> at the other end of the courtyard.<\/p>\n<p>My first encounters with stambeli were in books and articles about the histories of Black Tunisians that I read in preparation for my dissertation proposal. Scholar Richard C. Jankowsky, who has written extensively about stambeli, <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/17411910701554021\">defines<\/a> it as \u201ca ritual healing music developed by slaves, their descendants and other displaced sub-Saharans in Tunisia.\u201d He adds that, in stambeli, \u201cmusic does not heal; rather, it facilitates the healing process\u2026[and] attract[s] the spirits to manifest themselves through induced possession.\u201d<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_11010\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-11010\" style=\"width: 350px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.goodreads.com\/book\/show\/11373050-stambeli?from_search=true&amp;from_srp=true&amp;qid=Js0QyuEVrL&amp;rank=2\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11010\" src=\"https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/stambeli-cover-richard-jankowsky-9780226392196-the-markaz-review.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"350\" height=\"525\" srcset=\"https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/stambeli-cover-richard-jankowsky-9780226392196-the-markaz-review.jpg 600w, https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/stambeli-cover-richard-jankowsky-9780226392196-the-markaz-review-200x300.jpg 200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-11010\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Richard C. Jankowsky&#8217;s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.goodreads.com\/book\/show\/11373050-stambeli?from_search=true&amp;from_srp=true&amp;qid=Js0QyuEVrL&amp;rank=2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Stambeli<\/em><\/a>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Most of the men performing stambeli are Black, indicative of their historical links to Sub-Saharan Africa. Stambeli has been called the \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.slateafrique.com\/617\/stambeli-musique-heritage-noirs-tunisie\">heritage of the Black people in Tunisia<\/a>\u201d as well as the \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/thearabweekly.com\/stambeli-sound-african-music-tunisia\">sound of African music in Tunisia<\/a>,\u201d where both these descriptions point to a sense of foreignness of Blackness and Africanness (both assumed to be synonymous in Tunisian vernacular) in Tunisia. The sight of these Black men and their families amidst the crowd of mostly non-Black Tunisians is a reminder of the many migrations that Tunisia has witnessed, past and present. I wonder what type of cultural heritage the mostly-undocumented Sub-Saharan migrant communities will build for the future?<\/p>\n<p>Around 10 am, the stambeli groups make their way out of the courtyard into the streets of the medina. Different groups continue to play their style of ritualistic music, accompanied by bodily movements that could be categorized as a form of dance. In most stambeli groups, two men play the <em>tabla <\/em>(a two-sided drum slung to the neck) and between six to eight men play the <em>shekasheks. <\/em>Two men carry long poles with colorful flags embroidered with symbols specific to the group. I sometimes manage to spot the <em>ma\u2019alem<\/em> (leader of the ritual) of the group, leading the chants that accompany the ritualistic music. The stambeli group I am walking next to chants the name of Halouma, an endearing way to address Halima, the mother of the Prophet. Everyone around joins in the chanting, and the family next to me, to whom I have introduced myself as a <em>hindaouia<\/em> (Indian woman) is amused to see that I have joined along as well.<\/p>\n<p>The Mawlid procession from Sidi Mahrez is organized every year by the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/stambalisidialilasmar\/\">Association de la Culture du Stambali Tunisie Sidi Ali Lasmar<\/a>. It gathers stambeli groups from all over Tunisia. The exact history of the procession remains unclear; a news article <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wepostmag.com\/lassociation-de-culture-stambeli-organise-el-kharjamouldia-12-decembre-2016\/\">notes<\/a> that it dates from \u201cmany generations.\u201d All the members of the stambeli groups gathered for the procession are men. Ages vary, and the multigenerational nature of the passage of the ritualistic knowledge is visible in the presence of two (and sometimes three) generations of men playing alongside each other, with women from the family tagging along next to the group.<\/p>\n<p>We maze through the streets of the medina to arrive at Place du Tribunal, a square in front of Palais Kheireddine in Hafsia neighborhood; all the groups come to a halt here. A group plays in front of the door to Palais Kheireddine, another plays in front of the Cultural Club Taher Hadded. I spot around seven groups, all spread around the square, some simply playing the music, some performing the ritualistic dance, and others taking a break from the performance.<\/p>\n<div id='gallery-1' class='gallery galleryid-10975 gallery-columns-1 gallery-size-large'><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/stambeli-boy-shreya.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"678\" src=\"https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/stambeli-boy-shreya-1024x678.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-11005\" srcset=\"https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/stambeli-boy-shreya-1024x678.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/stambeli-boy-shreya-600x397.jpg 600w, https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/stambeli-boy-shreya-300x199.jpg 300w, https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/stambeli-boy-shreya-768x509.jpg 768w, https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/stambeli-boy-shreya-1320x874.jpg 1320w, https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/stambeli-boy-shreya.jpg 1400w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-11005'>\n\t\t\t\tA stambeli boy on Mawlid An-Nabaoui (photo Shreya Parikh).\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/stambeli-4-shreya.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"678\" src=\"https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/stambeli-4-shreya-1024x678.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-11007\" srcset=\"https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/stambeli-4-shreya-1024x678.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/stambeli-4-shreya-600x397.jpg 600w, https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/stambeli-4-shreya-300x199.jpg 300w, https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/stambeli-4-shreya-768x509.jpg 768w, https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/stambeli-4-shreya-1320x874.jpg 1320w, https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/stambeli-4-shreya.jpg 1400w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-11007'>\n\t\t\t\tStambeli musicians in Tunis on Mawlid An-Nabaoui (photo Shreya Parikh).\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/stambeli-2-shreya.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"678\" src=\"https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/stambeli-2-shreya-1024x678.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-11009\" srcset=\"https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/stambeli-2-shreya-1024x678.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/stambeli-2-shreya-600x397.jpg 600w, https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/stambeli-2-shreya-300x199.jpg 300w, https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/stambeli-2-shreya-768x509.jpg 768w, https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/stambeli-2-shreya-1320x874.jpg 1320w, https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/stambeli-2-shreya.jpg 1400w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-11009'>\n\t\t\t\tStambeli musicians in Tunis on Mawlid An-Nabaoui (photo Shreya Parikh).\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/stambeli-3-shreya-rec.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"678\" src=\"https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/stambeli-3-shreya-rec-1024x678.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-11008\" srcset=\"https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/stambeli-3-shreya-rec-1024x678.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/stambeli-3-shreya-rec-600x397.jpg 600w, https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/stambeli-3-shreya-rec-300x199.jpg 300w, https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/stambeli-3-shreya-rec-768x509.jpg 768w, https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/stambeli-3-shreya-rec-1320x874.jpg 1320w, https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/stambeli-3-shreya-rec.jpg 1400w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-11008'>\n\t\t\t\tStambeli musicians in Tunis on Mawlid An-Nabaoui (photo Shreya Parikh).\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/stambeli-women-kids-shreya.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"678\" src=\"https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/stambeli-women-kids-shreya-1024x678.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-11006\" srcset=\"https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/stambeli-women-kids-shreya-1024x678.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/stambeli-women-kids-shreya-600x397.jpg 600w, https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/stambeli-women-kids-shreya-300x199.jpg 300w, https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/stambeli-women-kids-shreya-768x509.jpg 768w, https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/stambeli-women-kids-shreya-1320x874.jpg 1320w, https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/stambeli-women-kids-shreya.jpg 1400w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-11006'>\n\t\t\t\tSWomen call out in Tunis on Mawlid An-Nabaoui (photo Shreya Parikh).\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/stambeli-shreya-rec.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"678\" src=\"https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/stambeli-shreya-rec-1024x678.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" aria-describedby=\"gallery-1-11004\" srcset=\"https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/stambeli-shreya-rec-1024x678.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/stambeli-shreya-rec-600x397.jpg 600w, https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/stambeli-shreya-rec-300x199.jpg 300w, https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/stambeli-shreya-rec-768x509.jpg 768w, https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/stambeli-shreya-rec-1320x874.jpg 1320w, https:\/\/themarkaz.org\/oldmarkaz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/stambeli-shreya-rec.jpg 1400w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<figcaption class='wp-caption-text gallery-caption' id='gallery-1-11004'>\n\t\t\t\tStambeli musicians in Tunis on Mawlid An-Nabaoui (photo Shreya Parikh).\n\t\t\t\t<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n<p>This year marks the third time that I celebrate Mawlid in Tunisia, and second that I attend the <em>kherej<\/em> <em>el Mouldia<\/em> (the procession of Mawlid) from Sidi Mahrez. The pandemic-related cancellations of cultural events meant that, during my first year in Tunis (in 2020), I never got to witness an event that remains the pride of my neighborhood (for I live around the corner).<\/p>\n<p>Last year, in 2021, when I finally attended the <em>kherej<\/em>, I was surprised by the diversity in ages, gender, and social class of the Tunisians joining the procession. Like this year, many had come from outside Tunis. This year, I notice the joy and liberty with which women \u2014 hijabi or not, grandmothers and daughters, from Tunis and beyond \u2014 dance to the stambeli beats; I spot women dancing or falling into a trance next to every performing group as we walk the streets of the medina. The streets and squares that weigh on women\u2019s bodies, turning their movement and sound into broken silences, are today the site of festivity. Women bodies move more than men\u2019s; women scream, laugh, and sing louder than men.<\/p>\n<p>After around twenty minutes of performances on Place du Tribunal, there is much confusion about whether the procession will continue on to the decided destination of Zaouia Sidi Ben Arous, close to the Zitouna Mosque. A group departs on its own and is brought back to the Place by the <em>ma\u2019alem<\/em> of the group from Sidi Ali Lasmar, the key organizer of the procession. The returned group produce yet another performance on the Place, and I wonder how they experience this confusion and imposed return.<\/p>\n<p>I find myself in front of a group dressed in dark blue <em>jebba<\/em>s (a long loose tunic covering the whole body) with thick bright yellow embroidery. They have stuck to playing the same beat for a while now, allowing women falling into trance to go deeper. Every time the beat stops, these women fall to the ground in exhaustion. I start to move and to dance slowly, for the sight of the dancing bodies is infectious. Slowly, I find myself closing my eyes.<\/p>\n<p>I realize that if I were to really concentrate on the beats, I could possibly lose control of my moving body. Am I afraid of trance because giving myself over to the sacred might mean losing control? The rational self in me doesn\u2019t approve of these thoughts and jumps in to distract me from the music; so I tell myself to keep my eyes open and my mind distracted.<\/p>\n<p>Jankowsky writes about his recurrent struggle to (rationally) understand Stambeli and its relation to trance during his apprenticeship under stambeli master Abdul-Majid Barnawi, and calls such moments of struggle an <em>aporia<\/em>. Taking from <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sup.org\/books\/title\/?id=2568\">Jacques Derrida<\/a>\u2019s conceptualization of the term, he defines aporia as a \u201cprofound moment of doubt in which knowledge enters crisis\u2026[and] exposes our own epistemological limits\u2026[urging] us to imagine moving beyond them.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>At some abrupt moment, the halted procession starts to move again, and quickly disappears in the direction of Rue Sidi Ben Arous. To continue moving with them would be a good distraction, my rationalizing-self contends. So, instead, I decide to stay in the Place, contemplating my own epistemological limits.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Shreya Parikh joins an authentic ritual for the birth of the Prophet in her Tunis medina.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":241,"featured_media":11003,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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